Thx @Uwe Labender
Here similiar issue:
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/indesign-22-does-not-export-the-semi-court-stroke-for-the-fonts-quot-robot-slab-quot-and-quot/m-p/12693267#

Hi Sanyam,
here a list of discussions at the Adobe InDesign User Forum with the same or similar issues:

Umlauts generate small square after export
SayMyNameSayMyName, Nov 22, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/umlauts-generate-small-square-after-export/m-p/12542323#M454655

Can't export quotation marks in an open source font to PDF
Irrumba, Nov 23, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/can-t-export-quotation-marks-in-an-open-source-font-to-pdf/td-p/12546830

Export to pdf destroys font
Robert21919741ecwv, Nov 24, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/export-to-pdf-destroys-font/m-p/12547575#M455019

Plairfay display font is giving troubles
Studio Blom, Dec 01, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/plairfay-display-font-is-giving-troubles/m-p/12631169#M459814

Problème police
stephanie22074081kb82, Dec 03, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/probl%C3%A8me-police/m-p/12568514#M456312

Quote marks displaying incorrectly in exported PDF from InDesign
fosforuscw, Dec 05, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/quote-marks-displaying-incorrectly-in-exported-pdf-from-indesign/m-p/12572502#M456513

Italicized semicolons not exporting into pdf!
Kay22114038dk60, Dec 06, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/italicized-semicolons-not-exporting-into-pdf/m-p/12574173#M456628

Colons changing to squares when exporting to PDF from InDesign
aphilli7, Dec 09, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/colons-changing-to-squares-when-exporting-to-pdf-from-indesign/m-p/12583002#M457259

Black Lines Appear After PDF Export
Cr_burch, Dec 17, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/black-lines-appear-after-pdf-export/m-p/12602721#M458378

PDF-error in Font "Lora"
default7ielhl4ghxd9, Dec 17, 2021
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/pdf-error-in-font-quot-lora-quot/m-p/12601086#M458223

Strange rectangles appear exporting the document
Nicolo5F91, Jan 04, 2022
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/strange-rectangles-appear-exporting-the-document/td-p/12632967

Character appearing as squares in PDF
Summayah5FC7, Jan 04, 2022
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/character-appearing-as-squares-in-pdf/m-p/12633538#M459964

Blank box over colon when exporting PDF from Indesign
CallMeC, Vor einer Stunde
https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/blank-box-over-colon-when-exporting-pdf-from-indesign/td-p/12640362

Regards,
Uwe Laubender
( ACP )

And not just for those fonts. I started with Karla, but the issue remains for the colon in endnote hyperlinks with every font I've tried.

For enterprise users of Adobe Creative Cloud, it isn't necessarily a viable option to revert to an older version of InDesign. This might actually be an issue with Adobe Acrobat because this issue is present when I export to PDF from both Adobe InDesign and Illustrator.

My InDesign and Illustrator files are converting all instances of a colon to a glyph after export to a PDF. I use Inter font and am wondering if this is font-specific or more of a general issue. Thank you!

It does the same thing in Illustrator, do I need to comment in their forum separately?

It shows similar issues to this as being fixed in the InDesign version 17.0, but I am on this version and still having this issue. I am using the Karla font. When I export to a PDF, all of the colons : (and just the colons) are converted into a white box with an X in it. See attached photo.

Summary: Colon displays as a broken font character (Black Box) when exported to PDF/x-1a file for printing.

Version: Adobe Indesign 17.0 (Adobe InDesign 2022)

Steps to Reproduce: File > Export to PDF > Save

Expected Result: PDF File with no font errors.

Actual Result: PDF Files where all colons render as black boxes (missing font)

See attached files (Indesign Display & PDF Export)
Font = Lora (Google Fonts)