In inDesign (any version) :

1- Import a PSD file with at least 3 layers and duplicate it,
2- via the menu, for each duplicated image, hide and show different layers to make different visual / images with the same PSD file,
3- via the menu in inDesign, modify 1 image to open it into Photoshop , then add 1 new layer into the PSD and hide it, then save

Back in inDesign, every image will reset to the default look of the PSD.

Why don't you warn with a message in this kind of cases, but keeping names of layers activated as it was before changes? Then the images will be the same as reworked first into inDesign. No need to redo the work for each duplicated PSD in case we are adding layers into PSD.

Many thanks.
Greg